Writing in the Air with WiFi Signals for Virtual Reality Devices

Recently, handwriting recognition approaches has been widely applied to Human-Computer Interface (HCI) applications. The emergence of the novel mobile terminals urges a more man-machine friendly interface mode. The previous air-writing recognition approaches have been accomplished by virtue of cameras and sensors. However, the vision based approaches are susceptible to the light condition and sensor based methods have disadvantages in deployment and highcost. The latest researches have demonstrated that the pervasive wireless signals can be used to identify different gestures. In this paper, we attempt to utilize channel state information (CSI) derived from wireless signals to realize the device-free air-write recognition called Wi-Fi. Compared to the gesture recognition, the increased diversity and complexity of characters of the alphabet make it challenging. The Principle Component Analysis (PCA) is used for denoising effectively and the energy indicator derived from the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is to detect action continuously. The unique CSI waveform caused by unique writing patterns of 26 letters serve as feature space. Finally, the Hidden Markov model (HMM) is used for character modeling and classification. We conduct experiments in our laboratory and get the average accuracy of the Wi-Fi are 86.75 and 88.74 percent in two writing areas, respectively.