Increasing left ventricular wall thickness by 1 mm independently increased ejection fraction by 3.43 percentage points (adjusted β-coefficient: 3.43; 95% CI 2.60-4.26; P<.0001).
Observational (n=87)
Does increasing left ventricular wall thickness mask impaired myocardial shortening by preserving ejection fraction in patients with hypertensive heart disease?
In hypertensive heart disease, increased wall thickness preserves absolute wall thickening and augments ejection fraction despite impaired myocardial shortening, suggesting LVEF may overestimate systolic function if not corrected for hypertrophy.
Effect estimate: adjusted β-coefficient 3.43 (95% CI 2.60-4.26)
p-value: p=<.0001
Hypertensive heart disease is often associated with a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction despite impaired myocardial shortening. The authors investigated this paradox in 55 hypertensive patients (52±13 years, 58% male) and 32 age- and sex-matched normotensive control patients (49±11 years, 56% male) who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5T. Long-axis shortening (R=0.62), midwall fractional shortening (R=0.68), and radial strain (R=0.48) all decreased (P<.001) as end-diastolic wall thickness increased. However, absolute wall thickening (defined as end-systolic minus end-diastolic wall thickness) was maintained, despite the reduced myocardial shortening. Absolute wall thickening correlated with ejection fraction (R=0.70, P<.0001). In multiple linear regression analysis, increasing wall thickness by 1 mm independently increased ejection fraction by 3.43 percentage points (adjusted β-coefficient: 3.43 2.60-4.26, P<.0001). Increasing end-diastolic wall thickness augments ejection fraction through preservation of absolute wall thickening. Left ventricular ejection fraction should not be used in patients with hypertensive heart disease without correction for degree of hypertrophy.
Rodrigues et al. (2016) conducted an observational in Hypertensive heart disease (n=87). Left ventricular wall thickness vs. Normotensive controls was evaluated on Ejection fraction change per 1 mm increase in wall thickness (adjusted β-coefficient 3.43, 95% CI 2.60-4.26, p=<.0001). Increasing left ventricular wall thickness by 1 mm independently increased ejection fraction by 3.43 percentage points (adjusted β-coefficient: 3.43; 95% CI 2.60-4.26; P<.0001).