Key result
AVR improves outcomes in low-gradient AS regardless of flow despite ~30% discordant grading.
Why the study?
How should the severity of low-gradient aortic stenosis be accurately evaluated and managed therapeutically?
How should the severity of low-gradient aortic stenosis be accurately evaluated and managed therapeutically?
Accurate evaluation of aortic stenosis severity, including the use of multidetector computed tomography, is crucial in low-gradient AS to guide appropriate surgical or transcatheter intervention.
Accurate grading remains essential in discordant low-gradient AS; leaves open randomized confirmation of AVR benefit regardless of flow.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Grading of aortic stenosis is essential in aortic stenosis management patients. However, despite clear thresholds provided in the guidelines, up to 30% of patients have discordant grading of aortic stenosis. The management of patients with low gradients/velocity despite tight aortic valve area is challenging. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies demonstrated that patients with or without low flow may have a severe aortic stenosis despite a low gradient. Moreover, aortic valve replacement has been shown to improve outcome in low-gradient aortic stenosis patients with or without low flow. Finally, measurement of aortic valve calcification by multidetector computed tomography is an important tool to assess aortic stenosis severity in these patients. SUMMARY: The presence of a low gradient/velocity despite a tight aortic valve area could be linked to low ejection fraction or low flow with preserved ejection fraction but also with normal flow and normal ejection fraction. In each situation, aortic stenosis could be truly severe or pseudosevere, and the severity of aortic stenosis has to be accurately evaluated for clinical decision-making. Nowadays, two types of interventions are available: surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement, whereas conservative management should be considered as a palliative treatment in patients with proven severe aortic stenosis and symptoms or left ventricle dysfunction.
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Clavel et al. (2016) conducted a review in Low-gradient aortic stenosis. Aortic valve replacement vs. Conservative management was evaluated. Up to 30% of patients have discordant grading of aortic stenosis, but aortic valve replacement improves outcomes in low-gradient aortic stenosis patients with or without low flow.
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