A Review of Trimming in Isogeometric Analysis: Challenges, Data Exchange and Simulation Aspects

geometric objects. On the other hand, computational analysis has focused on the problem-solving part of engineering. Thus, the main attention has been drawn to the development of mathematical models governing physical phenomena as well as the reliability and efficiency of their numerical treatment. Still, design models are usually the starting point of the analysis process in order to define the domain of interest. In current engineering design, however, they are subsequently approximated by finite element meshes for computation. Since this is a fundamental step in conventional simulations, there is a substantial body of literature on meshing, see e.g., Finite element analysis (FEA) was a widely used commercially available procedure in engineering prior to the advent of commercial CAD. Nevertheless, FEA finds itself separated from design by its own representation of geometrical objects, which is different from CAD. The given situation has contributed to a loss of communication between these fields, both of which are essential in the process of addressing practical engineering problems.