Cohort Profile: The New South Wales Child Development Study (NSW-CDS)—Wave 2 (child age 13 years)

BSKA, Best Start Kindergarten Assessment; children achieving the lowest expected level of proficiency (note that all children achieved greater than the minimum proficiency level for Aspects of Writing). d Does not meet the minimum national standard for that age on the National Assessment Program Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN). e SDQ, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; 'difficulties' scores reflect 'abnormal' (lowest 10% of the population) functioning using UK population-derived norms.