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We can increase the efficiency of public cloud datacenters by harvesting allocated but temporarily idling CPU cores from customer virtual machines (VMs) to run batch or analytics workloads. Even small efficiency gains translate into substantial savings, since provisioning and operating a datacenter costs hundreds of millions of dollars per year. The main challenge is to harvest idle cores with little or no impact on customer VMs, which could be running latency-sensitive services and are essentially black-boxes to the cloud provider.
Wang et al. (Wed,) studied this question.