Comprehensive investigation reveals how Kekulé gap and spin-orbit coupling shape orbital Hall conductivity in gapped graphene, suggesting new electrical behaviors.
We conducted a comprehensive investigation of gapped graphene influenced by a Kekulé-O distortion in the presence of spin-orbit coupling. We analyzed the band structure and derived the intrinsic orbital-magnetic-moment operator. Next, we evaluated the orbital current density and its corresponding orbital Hall conductivity. Our results show that both the Kekulé-O distortion gap and the spin-orbit coupling terms significantly affect the orbital Hall conductivity. This work highlights the importance of these factors in shaping the electrical behavior of gapped graphene.
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Silva et al. (2026) studied this question.
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