Zirconium-doped precursor regulates surface-bulk structure of LiCoO2 for stable 4.5 V performance

Key Points

• The aim is to evaluate how zirconium doping affects the surface and bulk structures of LiCoO2 to enhance stability at high voltages.
• Zirconium doping was applied to lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) precursors.
• Performance was evaluated under high-voltage conditions (≥4.5 V).
• Surface and bulk structural changes were analyzed post-experiment.
• Zirconium-doped LiCoO2 exhibited enhanced structural stability at 4.5 V compared to undoped versions.
• Significant reduction in interfacial side reactions was observed with zirconium doping.
• Overall energy density improved due to reduced degradation under high-voltage conditions.