Instruments for Ensuring Spatial Development of Russia Based on Overcoming Interregional Imbalances

Spatial heterogeneity is a source of competitive advantage for regions and subregional entities, while simultaneously posing threats to sustainable development and national economic security. This understanding led to the development of the Strategy for Spatial Development of the Russian Federation through 2025, which integrates structured space into the endogenous factors of economic growth. This study aims to develop a theoretical and methodological approach to spatial development strategizing by identifying imbalances and overcoming them using government regulation tools aimed at ensuring dynamic equilibrium, increasing the resilience of the national and regional economies to external and internal threats, and achieving proportionality and coherence between changes in the production-economic, socio-demographic, and natural-ecological subsystems of regional entities. The study identified inter- and intraregional disparities, which, when taken into account, will enable the development of effective approaches to neutralizing the risk factors of spatial imbalances. The study concludes that it is necessary to amend and revise the Russian state's policy documents, the provisions of which regulate relations in the areas of economic security and spatial development. Such a relationship should reflect the influence of the spatial characteristics of individual regions and subregional entities on the composition of imbalances and the choice of instruments aimed at overcoming them.