Technological Relatedness and Knowledge Space: Entry and Exit of US Cities from Patent Classes

U.S. patent and citation data are used to measure technological relatedness between major patent classes in the USPTO. The technological relatedness measures, constructed as the probability that a patent in class j will cite a patent in class i, form the links of a knowledge network. Changes in this knowledge network are examined from 1975 to 2005. Evolution of the patent knowledge base within U.S. metropolitan areas is tracked by combining the knowledge network with annual patent data for each city. Entries and exits of cities from patent classes are linked to local and non-local measures of technological relatedness. knowledge space technological relatedness patents citations entry exit