Socio-environmental implications of the decarbonization of copper and lithium mining and mineral processing

Minerals and metals will play an important role in adapting to climate change and keeping the increase in global average temperature below 2C as they are essential to the transition to low-carbon energy, electromobility and 4.0 technologies. This is a great opportunity, but there are great challenges involved in preventing this climate contribution from being greater than the potential impacts resulting from increased production.