This innovative article is one of Nirenberg's most important early contributions to the coding problem. Published along with "The Dependence of Cell-Free Protein Synthesis in E. coli Upon Naturally Occurring or Synthetic Polyribonucleotides," this article provides experimental evidence that an extract prepared from bacterial cells can make protein even when intact living cells are not present. This revelation is a crucial step in the history of breaking the genetic code.
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Matthaei et al. (1961) studied this question.
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