Restaurant Impacts on Outdoor Air Quality: Elevated Organic Aerosol Mass from Restaurant Cooking with Neighborhood-Scale Plume Extents

) in the vicinity of numerous individual restaurants and commercial districts containing multiple restaurants. The AMS mass spectral information indicates that majority of the high concentration plumes (71%) were from cooking sources. Areas containing both busy roads and restaurants had systematically higher OA concentrations than areas with only busy roads and urban background locations. Elevated OA concentrations were measured hundreds of meters downwind of some restaurants, indicating that these sources can influence air quality on neighborhood scales. Approximately 20% of the population (∼250 000 people) in the Pittsburgh area lives within 200 m of a restaurant; therefore, restaurant emissions are potentially an important source of outdoor PM exposures for this large population.