Basic construction-ecological norms in urban systems and ecogeographic consequences of sustainable development of urban areas (in Sabirabad city representation)

Cities cover 3% of the earth’s surface, and Azerbaijani cities cover approximately 2% of the country’s territory. However, as in the world population, more than half of the population of Azerbaijan (52%) lives in cities. This is especially true for coastal cities. Goal: The purpose of the study is to assess the ecological consequences of the development of the Sabirabad city located on the river bank and to prevent future problems. The development and planning of the city of Sabirabad and its surrounding settlements, as well as their analysis, were reflected in the research work. At this time, satellite images of Sabirabad city for 1989, 2014, 2021, 2022 were processed. During the research, satellite images of August 2022 provided by AZERCOSMOS and satellite images of 2021 and 2022 obtained from Landsat 5, Landsat 8 satellites, and Google Earth were used. Studies of a period of about 50 years have been conducted, and territorial development of the city and surrounding settlements and future development forecasts have been prepared. 1:10,000 scale topo plans of the city of Sabirabad and its surrounding settlements from 1975 were used to accurately monitor the development of the borders, and the 2022 border was deciphered by us using satellite images provided by AZERCOSMOS and Google Earth. Also, the development of vegetation as a result of land use, the number and density of constructions in 2022, the absolute height of the relief of the city, the exposure of its slopes, and the density of roads were also analyzed and mapped. As a result of the research, it was found that the ecological situation is tense in Sabirabad urban landscape located on the banks of the Kura and Araz rivers. The reason for this is the denser settlement of the population along the river bank and the fact that the daily lifestyle of the inhabitants depends on the river waters. In recent times, the decrease in the water level in these rivers has aggravated the ecological situation. At the same time, the territory and population of the Sabirabad urban landscape continue to grow. Certain measures should be taken to reduce dependence on river water and reduce the impact of the population on the environment.