Application of Dueling Double Deep Q-Network for Dynamic Traffic Signal Optimization: A Case Study in Danang City, Vietnam

This study investigates the application of the Dueling Double Deep Q-Network (3DQN) algorithm to optimize traffic signal control at a major urban intersection in Danang City, Vietnam. The objective is to enhance signal timing efficiency in response to mixed traffic flow and real-world traffic dynamics. A simulation environment was developed using the Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) software version 1.11, incorporating both a fixed-time signal controller and two 3DQN models trained with 1 million (1M-Step) and 5 million (5M-Step) iterations. The models were evaluated using randomized traffic demand scenarios ranging from 50% to 150% of baseline traffic volumes. The results demonstrate that the 3DQN models outperform the fixed-time controller, significantly reducing vehicle delays, with the 5M-Step model achieving average waiting times of under five minutes. To further assess the model’s responsiveness to real-time conditions, traffic flow data were collected using YOLOv8 for object detection and SORT for vehicle tracking from live camera feeds, and integrated into the SUMO-3DQN simulation. The findings highlight the robustness and adaptability of the 3DQN approach, particularly under peak traffic conditions, underscoring its potential for deployment in intelligent urban traffic management systems.