Human–Elephant Conflicts in Northeast India

Human population increases and development in Northeast India have reduced and fragmented wildlife habitat, which has resulted in human–wildlife conflicts. Although species such as tigers (Panthera tigris) and rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) cause conflict, elephants (Elephas maximus) have become the focal point for conflict and conservation issues. This article presents several case studies to illustrate the diverse nature of human–elephant conflicts. Between 1980 and 2003, more than 1,150 humans and 370 elephants have died as a result of these conflicts. Although the public and government have taken steps, human population growth must be addressed before any permanent solutions to this conflict can be reached.