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ABSTRACT Diabetes remains a global public health concern. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Pediococcus acidilactici CNCM MA 18/5M (PA) against diabetes. Animals were randomly divided into 5 groups. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced in rats by administration of a single dose of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Animals were fed 1 mL of milk fermented with PA (1 × 10 8 CFU/mL) for 20 days. Blood and pancreatic tissue were obtained from the anesthesia‐induced sacrifice of all rats. The levels of serum glucose, HbA1c, pancreatic tissue MDA, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β were increased in the diabetes group when compared with the control and DM group, while serum insülin level, CAT, and SOD activities were lower in the diabetes group. Administration of PA in rats with DM decreased glucose, HbA1c, pancreatic tissue MDA, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β levels, increased serum insülin level; CAT and SOD activities. PA reduced below the level of expression, the genes NF‐κB and TLR‐4, whereas HO‐1, Nrf‐2, and Keap‐1 were elevated. Based on biochemical parameters and histopathological findings, PA, as determined in preliminary studies, effectively lowered blood glucose and HbA1c levels in diabetic rats, reduced lipid peroxidation, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity, and mitigated oxidative stress. Furthermore, since no prior research has investigated the impact of Pediococcus acidilactici CNCM MA 18/5 on NF‐κB, Tlr‐4, and the HO‐1, Nrf‐2, and Keap‐1 signaling pathways in STZ‐induced diabetic pancreatic tissue, this study serves as a pioneering contribution to the literature.
Yildirim et al. (Fri,) studied this question.