Elevated level of D-dimer increases the risk of stroke

// Jing Zhang 1, * , Yanlin Song 2, * , Baoyin Shan 1, * , Min He 1 , Qingqing Ren 1 , Yunhui Zeng 1 , Zhiyong Liu 1 , Hao Liu 1 and Jianguo Xu 1 1 Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China 2 West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Jianguo Xu, email: jianguo_1229@126.com Keywords: D-dimer; stroke; risk factor Received: August 05, 2017     Accepted: September 20, 2017     Published: December 18, 2017 ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the association between D-dimer level and the risk of stroke through performing a meta-analysis. PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were searched for potentially eligible literature. Prospective observational studies or case-control studies were included. The study characteristics and relevant data were extracted. Hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to estimate the association between D-dimer level and the risk of stroke. Seven prospective studies with 22,207 patients and three case-control studies with 2,248 patients were included. For the prospective studies, the pooled HRs of higher D-dimer level for all types of stroke, ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke were 1.55 (95% CI, 1.28-1.87), 1.62 (95% CI, 1.18-2.22) and 1.30 (95% CI, 0.63-2.68), respectively. The pooled HRs per SD increase in log D-dimer for all types of stroke, ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke were 1.16 (95% CI, 1.06-1.26), 1.11 (95% CI, 1.03-1.21) and 1.11 (95% CI, 0.95-1.30), respectively. For the case-control studies, the pooled OR of higher D-dimer level for acute ischemic stroke was 2.06 (95% CI, 1.08-3.96). No significant publication bias was found in the meta-analysis. In conclusion, our results suggested that higher D-dimer level was associated with higher risk of stroke, especially ischemic stroke.