Effectiveness of Trauma-focused CBT in Women Victims of Sexual Violence: A Systematic Review

Introduction. A significant proportion of adult female victims of sexual violence develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While numerous systematic reviews have demonstrated the efficacy of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) in reducing PTSD symptoms in children and adolescents in high-income countries, there remains a lack of information regarding its effectiveness in adult women who are victims of sexual violence. Objective. This study aims to review the scientific literature on trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral interventions and their impact on PTSD outcomes in women who have experienced sexual violence. Method. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. Results. Seven studies were included, comprising three randomized, controlled clinical trials, three quasi-experimental studies, and one single-case study (N = 1). The total sample consisted of 378 female participants aged between 18 and 74 years. Six out of the seven studies reported a reduction in PTSD symptoms following the intervention. Discussion and conclusion. The findings suggest promise in reducing post-traumatic symptoms in adult female victims of sexual violence through TF-CBT interventions. However, there is a need for further evidence, particularly through randomized controlled trials conducted in low-income countries. These studies should aim to tailor intervention protocols to meet the specific needs and characteristics of the population, which may involve incorporating psychoeducational components addressing gender violence and implementing strategies to enhance women’s access to TF-CBT, among other considerations.