The heart is a very vital organ. There are two main states in the heartbeat cycle, systole and diastole. The heartbeat system studied in this paper was taken from a study of Thanom and Loh in 2011. This paper is aimed to analyze the stability of the heartbeat system using Lyapunov’s Direct Method. This method requires a Lyapunov function. To construct the Lyapunov function, the Gradient Variable Method will be used. In this research, the Lyapunov function constructed V ( x ) = x 1 2 + x 2 2 , V ˙ ( x ) > 0 is obtained. This means V ˙ ( x ) is said to be a positive definite and the equilibrium point (0,0) of the heartbeat system is unstable.
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Tulus et al. (2020) studied this question.