The effects on earnings of family role specialization and residual discrimination are examined within a sample selection model. The common comparison of earnings by sex and marital status is exten ded to the presence of children. The participation and earnings equat ions are estimated for women of different types. Results for U.K. gra duate data suggest that female participation is conditioned by marita l status and the presence of a child while earnings, given participat ion, do not depend on marital status but are affected by the presence of children. Estimates of residual earnings differentials by marital status, sex, and the presence of children are presented.
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Dolton et al. (1987) studied this question.
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