Key result
The pericardial space and its anatomic variants are increasingly utilized for novel cardiovascular applications, including catheter ablation of arrhythmias, drug therapy, and cardiac pacing.
Design
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Guides epicardial access planning in electrophysiology; leaves open prospective safety and efficacy trials.
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d’Ávila et al. (2003) studied this question. The pericardial space and its anatomic variants are increasingly utilized for novel cardiovascular applications, including catheter ablation of arrhythmias, drug therapy, and cardiac pacing.
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