The "sojourner" is treated as a deviant type of the sociological form of the "stranger," one who clings to the cultural heritage of his own ethnic group and tends to live in isolation, hindering his assimilation to the society in which he resides, often for many years. The sojourn is conceived by the sojourner as a "job" which is to be finished in the shortest possible time. As an alternative to that end he travels back to his homeland every few years. He is comparable to the "marginal man."
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Paul C. P. Siu (1952) studied this question.