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The modern world is characterized by a binary opposition of globalization and regionalization. The erosion of national and regional identities, historical traditions, and cultural continuity has become the reverse side of world integration. In this regard, scientific research devoted to individual regions is being activated. The article highlights historical and architectural environment of small and medium-sized towns in the Nizhegorodskoe Povolzhie region, its formation in the late 18th – early 20th centuries and its further transformation. The historical and architectural environment is interpreted as a phenomenon of the region architectural and urban culture. It is considered in the context of topical historical and theoretical problems of architecture and urban planning: problem of traditions and innovations; problem of mass and unique; problem of style and image; problem of global and identical. The first part of the article analyzes the properties of the historical and architectural environment that determined its visual harmony at the beginning of the 20th century.
Alexandra V. Lisitsyna (Mon,) studied this question.