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Background Music performance anxiety is common in high-pressure performance contexts and may relate to both performance quality and psychological well-being, yet empirical research in this field remains limited. To address the need for effective strategies that reduce music performance anxiety among college students and to extend current knowledge, this study draws on emotion regulation theory and the risk-protection framework to examine the association between self-compassion and music performance anxiety, the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation, and the moderating role of psychological resilience. Method We analyzed data from 971 college students using SPSS 26.0 to test the proposed hypotheses. Results The results showed a significant negative association between self-compassion and music performance anxiety, with fear of negative evaluation serving as a partial mediator. The mediating effect accounted for 41.667% of the total effect. In addition, psychological resilience negatively moderated the associations of self-compassion and fear of negative evaluation with music performance anxiety but did not moderate the link between self-compassion and fear of negative evaluation. Conclusion This study contributes to understanding the link between self-compassion and performance anxiety, focuses on the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation, and emphasizes the protective role of psychological resilience. It also offers both theoretical and practical insights for creating emotional regulation and intervention strategies for students in the arts.
Wang et al. (Wed,) studied this question.