Design of a Prototype Watering System and Water Drop Detection in Aeroponic Plants Based on PLC - SCADA

This study addresses the challenges of water droplet detection and irrigation in aeroponic systems, which are critical for maintaining optimal plant growth and nutrient distribution. The proposed solution is a PLC-based prototype integrated with SCADA technology, designed to automate and monitor the watering process with high precision. The system comprises key components including a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Human-Machine Interface (HMI), various sensors (temperature and Total Dissolved Solids), and communication protocols for real-time data transmission. The methodology involves designing the system to operate in both manual and automatic modes, allowing users to control irrigation and nutrient distribution based on plant growth stages. The system continuously collects data, which is displayed on the HMI, enabling operators to make informed decisions quickly. Results indicate that the system achieves high accuracy in measurements, with TDS errors ranging from 0.00% to 0.05% and HMI readings aligning closely with expected values, showing errors between 0.00% and 0.02%. Qualitative feedback from operators highlights satisfaction with the system's performance and ease of use. The integration of PLC and SCADA enhances operational efficiency and provides a reliable framework for future advancements in sustainable aeroponic farming, contributing to improved resource management and crop yield optimization.