Superior vena cava ectopy initiated paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in 6% of patients and had higher intravenous conduction block rates than pulmonary vein ectopy (75% vs 37%; P=0.03).
Cohort (n=130)
Does radiofrequency ablation prevent recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation initiated by ectopic beats originating from the superior vena cava?
Ectopic beats originating from the superior vena cava can initiate paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and targeted radiofrequency ablation is highly effective and safe for preventing recurrence.
Absolute Event Rate: 75% vs 37%
p-value: p=0.03
BACKGROUND: The superior vena cava (SVC) has cardiac musculature extending from the right atrium. However, no previous study in humans has given details regarding the ectopic foci that initiate paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), which may originate from the SVC. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 130 patients with frequent attacks of PAF initiated by ectopic beats were included. Eight patients (6%) had spontaneous AF initiated by a burst of rapid ectopic beats from the SVC (located 19+/-7 mm above the junction of the SVC and right atrium), which was confirmed by multiplane angiographic and intracardiac echocardiographic visualization and was marked by a sharp SVC potential preceding atrial activity. During initial repetitive discharges, the group with SVC ectopy had a higher incidence of intravenous conduction block than the group with pulmonary vein ectopy (75% versus 37%; P=0.03). The activation time of the earliest intracardiac ectopic activities relative to ectopic P wave onset was significantly shorter in the SVC ectopy than the pulmonary vein ectopy group (37+/-15 versus 84+/-32 ms; P<0. 001). After 5+/-3 applications of radiofrequency energy, AF was eliminated. SVC angiography after ablation revealed a local indentation of the venous wall in one patient. Two patients manifested coexisting sinus rhythm and a "focal" fibrillating activity confined inside the SVC after radiofrequency ablation. During a follow-up period of 9+/-3 months, all 8 patients were free of antiarrhythmic drugs, without tachycardia recurrence or symptoms of SVC obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Ectopic beats initiating PAF can originate from the SVC. A radiofrequency current delivered to eliminate these ectopies is a highly effective and safe way to prevent PAF.
Tsai et al. (2000) conducted a cohort in Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (n=130). Radiofrequency ablation and superior vena cava ectopy evaluation vs. Pulmonary vein ectopy was evaluated on Incidence of intravenous conduction block during initial repetitive discharges (p=0.03). Superior vena cava ectopy initiated paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in 6% of patients and had higher intravenous conduction block rates than pulmonary vein ectopy (75% vs 37%; P=0.03).