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We report the electronic structure and optical properties of the recently synthesized stable two-dimensional carbon allotrope graphdiyne based on first-principles calculations and experimental optical spectrum. Due to the enhanced Coulomb interaction in reduced dimensionality, the band gap of graphdiyne increases to 1. 10 eV within the GW many-body theory from a value of 0. 44 eV within the density functional theory. The optical absorption is dominated by excitonic effects with a remarkable electron-hole binding energy of over 0. 55 eV within the GW--Bethe-Salpeter equation calculation. Experimental optical absorption of graphdiyne films is performed, and comparison with the theoretical calculations is analyzed in detail.
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