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"Web 2.0" refers to a second generation of web-based communities and online services, such as social-networking sites, wikis, and social indexing sites, which enable creativity, collaboration and sharing between users. With the rapid development of “Web 2.0”, network education is changing a lot. In contrast to traditional LMS-driven VLE solutions, PLE based on web2.0 takes a more natural and learner-centric approach and is characterized by the freeform use of a set of lightweight services and tools that belong to and are controlled by individual learners. PLEs based on Web2.0 tools consist of three parts. They are knowledge digging, knowledge coding and knowledge shifting. So PLEs are not an application but rather a new approach to the use of new technologies for learning.
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Zhao et al. (2010) studied this question.