The model of collective information processing (MCIP): systematicness and openness in group-level media processing

Media information is often processed collectively—by partners, families, or peer groups—yet communication theory remains primarily focused on individuals. This article introduces the Model of Collective Information Processing (MCIP), which conceptualizes collective media processing as a group-level phenomenon. Drawing on individual information-processing theory and group research, the MCIP proposes two independent dimensions of group-level processing: systematicness (from automatic to systematic) and openness (from closed to open). The model was initially tested in a survey of 182 naturally occurring groups engaging with a media stimulus in an ecologically valid setting. Results support the distinctiveness and independence of both dimensions. Systematicness predicted persuasive attitude change and increased issue relevance at the group level; openness was associated with nondirectional attitude shifts and reduced polarization. These patterns held across issue domains (sustainability, diversity) and group types (couples, families, friends). The MCIP offers a conceptual framework for analyzing collective media processing and its effects.