Unified framework optimizes multiple problem types using various particle swarm algorithms, suggesting broad applicability.
StarPSO is an open source, object-oriented, Python library designed to implement various particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms, including: (i) StandardPSO, (ii) BinaryPSO, (iii) IntegerPSO, (iv) QuantumPSO, (v) CategoricalPSO, (vi) BareBonesPSO, and (vii) JackOfAllTradesPSO (for mixed variable type problems). This library addresses the challenge of optimizing diverse problem types through a unified framework. Implemented with performance optimizations using NumPy, Numba, and Joblib, it achieves efficient computation while preserving clean, well-documented, and maintainable code. Provided in a public GitHub repository, StarPSO encourages reuse and collaboration, allowing researchers and practitioners to easily integrate advanced optimization techniques into their own projects and benefit a wide range of applications across different domains.
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Vrettas et al. (2026) studied this question.
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