Task-specific Modules in Network of Brain Functional Regions

Task-state brain activity is organized through coordinated interactions among functional regions rather than through isolated regional responses. This study investigates task-specific modules in networks of brain functional regions using high-resolution EEG time series recorded from 235 channels during a visual selective-attention task. We further identify three repeated behavioral stages in the task process, namely observation, capture, and clicking, which provide temporal anchors for epoch construction and interpretation. Pairwise similarities between preprocessed EEG channels are quantified with the Symbolic Aggregate Approximation (SAX) algorithm, and synchronized electrode clusters are then identified by a synchronization-inspired dynamic clustering model. The detected functional modules are compared with anatomical functional substructures derived from the Brodmann parcellation scheme. The results show consistent correspondence between the detected task-specific modules and visual, vision-temporal, cognition, and motor-related substructures across five attended locations. These findings indicate that visual attention recruits coordinated functional modules that are spatially aligned with anatomical functional substructures, providing a data-driven approach for analyzing task-state brain functional organization from EEG signals.