Signal Processing Methods to Enhance the Power Oscillation Damping Control Parameters Setting in Inverter-Based Resources: Damping Factor Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis

This paper presents a sensitivity analysis of the Power Oscillation Damping (POD) service provided by an Inverter-Based Resource (IBR) to modern transmission systems. A POD control system based on a double-input second-order Lead-Lag Compensator (LLC) is considered to adapt the IBR reactive power injection to the Low-Frequency Oscillation (LFO) measured at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). The sensitivity analysis on the parameters is provided in terms of the resulting damping factors at the target LFO. The estimation of the effective damping is performed on a test network in a simulation environment through different signal processing methods that are developed aiming to fit the time-domain data of system variables (such as frequencies and active power flows) to single- or multi-modal damped cosine waves, extracting the estimation of the damping factor at the LFO mode. Extensive numerical results are presented to compare the signal processing methods with classical optimization techniques and to assess the impact of the POD control system parameters on the resulting damping factor at the target LFO.