There has been a shift in the focus of indoor localization research from improving accuracy to minimizing infrastructure requirements. The reason is well understood: since location information only serves as a parameter to location-based services, the cost of deploying localization systems should be a minute fraction of the total cost of provisioning location-based services. We demonstrate the possibility of determining user's location indoors based on what the camera-phone "sees"
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Ravi et al. (2006) studied this question.
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