The Impact of the Presence of a High Number of Electric Vehicles in Future Smart Cities – A Review

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Attention to the increasing growth of electric vehicles (8.3% in light type and 39% in heavy type) in smart grid structures, it is essential to consider bottlenecks like proper energy management, charging infrastructure, ICT and cybersecurity problems, and economic and environmental challenges. Tariffs for the production of distributors and charging stations for electric vehicles in smart cities are definitely in a state of smart changes. The correct response to the consumption of electric vehicles will make energy distribution completely intelligent and structured with a new framework. In this paper, the structures of future smart cities will be discussed in the presence of a significant number of electric vehicles. The benefits that smart energy grids bring to future smart cities are explored and discussed in detail. A complete review of past research in the field of potential and capacities and challenges faced by future smart cities in the presence of electric vehicles has been demonstrated and the latest achievements and methods in this field have been reviewed. In the end, the bottlenecks and basic challenges that microgrids face in future smart cities are described.