Validation of a potential CCEGA black star using persistent luminosity and mass constraints.
We identify 4U 1957+11 as the strongest current candidate for a CCEGA black star. The system shows persistent X-ray luminosity over 45+ years without quiescence, absent radio jet, and a compact object mass consistent with the black star regime 4.56–14.75 M☉. We compute the expected QPO frequencies, surface temperature, and echo timescale for the system. The four simultaneous observational criteria from P56 are satisfied. Dynamic mass measurement is the primary pending test.
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Marrc López Sánchez (2026) studied this question.
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