Key result
Untreated cardiometabolic disease is linked to a ~104-fold higher COVID-19 risk versus treated patients.
Why the study?
Pre-existing cardiometabolic comorbidities place SARS-CoV-2 positive patients at greater risk for poorer clinical course and mortality, motivating an analysis of real-world decentralized registry data in these patients.
Does treatment of cardiometabolic diseases reduce COVID-19 incidence and improve well-being in adults during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic?
Observational (n=791)
Yes
Does treatment of cardiometabolic diseases reduce COVID-19 incidence and improve well-being in adults during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic?
In adults with cardiometabolic diseases, absence of treatment significantly increased the risk of COVID-19, supporting the continued use of statins, ACE-I, ARBs, and diabetes medications during the pandemic.
Supports treatment access in cardiometabolic disease; leaves open causal protection against COVID-19.
BACKGROUND: Pre-existing cardiometabolic comorbidities place SARS-CoV-2 positive patients at a greater risk for poorer clinical course and mortality than those without it. We aimed to analyze real-world registry data focused primarily on participants with cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), which were remotely obtained via a digital platform. METHODS: Participants were divided into two groups: CMD or no cardiometabolic disease (non-CMD). They were evaluated based on their medical history, current medications/supplements, COVID-19 status, demographics, and baseline characteristics. The frequency of medications/supplements for CMD were compared using relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. The WHO (Five) Well-Being Index (WHO-5) were collected monthly for 6 months to assess psychological well-being which included cheerfulness, calmness, vigor, rest, and engagement with daily activities of interest. RESULTS: ) and age (mean + 9.15 years) compared to non-CMD group. In the CMD group, participants who tested positive for COVID-19 had lower (p < 0.0001) well-being scores than those without COVID-19. For the 274 participants on CMD medications/supplements, there was no statistical difference in risk of COVID-19 contracture based on medication/supplement type; however, all six participants who were not being treated for CMD were COVID-19 positive (RR ~ 104). For 89 participants who were on treatment for diabetes or insulin resistance, there was a 90% reduced risk of COVID-19 incidence (p = 0.0187). CONCLUSION: The well-being score of the CMD group was dependent on whether they tested positive for COVID-19. Type of CMD treatment did not impact COVID-19 status, but absence of treatment significantly increased COVID-19 incidence. With respect to SARS-CoV-2, our analysis supports continued use of the statins, ACE-I, ARBs, and diabetes medications in CMD patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04348942.
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Shah et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Cardiometabolic diseases and COVID-19 (n=791). No treatment for cardiometabolic disease vs. Treatment for cardiometabolic disease was evaluated on COVID-19 incidence (RR 103.86, 95% CI 5.952-1812.352). Absence of treatment for cardiometabolic diseases significantly increased the risk of COVID-19 incidence by approximately 104-fold compared to patients receiving treatment.
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