Key result
WATCH cohort assesses 5-year AF risk associated with cardiac radiation in older breast cancer patients.
Why the study?
Atrial fibrillation following radiotherapy for breast cancer is understudied, despite increasing the risk of stroke and serious cardiovascular complications.
Does high cardiac radiation exposure increase the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in older women 5 years after radiotherapy for breast cancer?
Cohort (n=200)
Yes
Does high cardiac radiation exposure increase the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in older women 5 years after radiotherapy for breast cancer?
This study protocol outlines a cross-sectional cohort approach using smartwatch-based screening to determine the incidence of atrial fibrillation and its dose-risk association with cardiac substructure radiation exposure 5 years post-radiotherapy for breast cancer.
Outlines a smartwatch-based screening approach for post-radiation cardiotoxicity; leaves open whether cardiac.
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiotherapy (RT) in patients with breast cancer (BC) is a relatively new and understudied topic. AF can increase the risk of stroke and other serious cardiovascular complications, compromising patients' quality of life and survival. Screening of AF, both asymptomatic and symptomatic forms, is therefore essential for optimal management. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the Watch Your Heart After Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer (WATCH) study is to assess the incidence of AF (symptomatic or asymptomatic) occurring throughout a 5-year follow-up after RT and to investigate whether cardiac radiation exposure is associated with the occurrence of such events. METHODS: WATCH is a cohort study that will include 200 patients over 65 years old, treated with RT for BC 5 years before inclusion and without a history of AF. Cross-sectional screening for AF at the time of the scheduled 5-year post-RT visit will be conducted by recording data from a Withings ScanWatch smartwatch for 1 month, confirmed by an electrocardiogram (ECG), and validated by a physician. In addition, a transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) will be performed, providing a comprehensive assessment of cardiac structures, and allowing us to investigate the underlying etiology and assess the risk of complications. Patients' medical records will provide retrospective information about the timing and risk factors for the occurrence of AF and other arrhythmias and cardiac diseases during the 5 years following RT. The development of deep learning algorithms for autosegmentation analysis of potentially critical substructures for the occurrence of AF, including cardiac chambers, the sinoatrial node, the atrioventricular node, coronary arteries, and pulmonary veins (PVs), will produce dosimetry linked to previous RT treatment for all contoured structures. RESULTS: Enrollment started in October 2023 and will continue until mid-2026 to include 200 patients, which will ensure an 80% statistical power to detect a significant difference in AF incidence around 15% for the group of patients moderately exposed (<75th percentile of the mean heart radiation dose) and 25% for the group of patients highly exposed (>75th percentile of the mean heart radiation dose). The results are expected by the end of 2026. CONCLUSIONS: This study will contribute to generating new knowledge on AF after RT for BC and help considering the inclusion of AF screening into routine clinical practice for these patients. Identifying the dose-risk associations would improve RT delivery protocols to limit the occurrence of different forms of AF and, if necessary, initiate appropriate treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06073509; clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06073509?id=NCT06073509&rank=1. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/67875.
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Saint‐Lary et al. (2025) conducted a cohort in Breast cancer (n=200). Radiotherapy vs. Low/moderate cardiac radiation exposure (<75th percentile) vs high exposure (≥75th percentile) was evaluated on Difference in the occurrence of atrial fibrillation throughout the 5-year follow-up after radiotherapy according to heart exposure. The WATCH cohort study will assess the 5-year incidence of atrial fibrillation and its association with cardiac radiation exposure in 200 women aged 65 years or older treated with radiotherapy for breast cancer.
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