Metabolic Reprogramming in Nerve Cells

Mammalian physiology has a complex networked system which is called the nervous system. Nerve cells can undergo degeneration due to injury and stress. Regeneration is a difficult process, and axonal regeneration may succeed or may not. Metabolic changes can lead to the development of many diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. Survival of the metabolically impaired state of the nerve cells is referred to as metabolic reprogramming of the nerve cells in the present review. Metabolic rewiring dependent on intrinsic and extrinsic factors is a necessity for neuron regeneration and can act as curative in neurogenesis. These events highlight the importance of understanding molecular mechanisms of nerve cells metabolism. The knowledge can help us to understand the process of reprogramming in nerve cells that will be useful for nerve cell regeneration. Different plant extracts, or food components or physical activity may help in the process of metabolic reprogramming of nerve cells, but there is a need for scientific studies to understand the process that can support neural regeneration process along with the first line of therapy. The present review discusses neuron metabolism, effects in nervous disorders, and suggests possible interventions that can be exercised as therapeutic interventions.