Key result
Suspected cases show ~58% enterovirus positivity, driven primarily by EV-A71 and CV-A6 genotypes.
Why the study?
Human enteroviruses are associated with a broad spectrum of diseases, and the study aimed to understand the epidemiology and genotypes/subgenotypes of enteroviruses circulating in Dak Lak, Vietnam between 2022 and 2024.
Cross-Sectional (n=167)
Enterovirus infection, particularly Enterovirus A71 and Coxsackievirus A6, is highly prevalent among young children under 5 years in Dak Lak, Vietnam.
Supports heightened clinical vigilance for enterovirus in Vietnamese children under 5; extends regional surveillance data but leaves open need for prospective validation.
Background Human enteroviruses (EVs) are associated with a broad spectrum of diseases, including hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). This study aimed to understand the epidemiology and genotypes/subgenotypes of Enteroviruses circulated in Dak Lak, Vietnam between 2022 and 2024. Methods Samples were collected from patients admitted to the inpatient and outpatient departments from 2022 to 2024 in Dak Lak of Vietnam. Enteroviruses were identified in all samples through Real-time RT-PCR utilizing a commercially available kit. Results EVs were detected in 96 samples in the period from 2022-2024 in total of 167 suspected samples; the enterovirus-positive rate was 57.5%. The highest positivity rate for enteroviruses was observed in children under the age of 5 years, reaching 96.8%, while the rates of EV infections showed no significant differences between genders. The monthly positivity rate for enterovirus infection ranged from 0% to 84.6%, with a peak in September. The most frequently observed EVs were Enterovirus A71 (28.1%), Coxsackievirus A6 (28.1%), followed by Coxsackievirus A16 (16.7%) and Coxsackievirus A10 (10.4%), while the proportion of unidentified EV serotypes were 10.4%. The phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene of Enterovirus A71 strains revealed that two genotypes, B5 (93.7%) and C4 (6.3%), were found and all were closely related to variants causing epidemics of HFMD in southern Vietnam that circulated in 2023. Meanwhile, all CVA6, CVA16 and CVA10 strains belonged to D3, B1a and C3 subgenotype; respectively. Conclusions EV infection is highly prevalent among young children less than 5 years in Dak Lak. Further monitoring through techniques capable of subtyping all enteroviruses is necessary to enhance the observation of these infections and their causes
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Le et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Enterovirus infection (n=167). Enterovirus infection was evaluated on Enterovirus positivity rate. Among 167 suspected cases in Dak Lak, Vietnam, the enterovirus positivity rate was 57.5%, with Enterovirus A71 and Coxsackievirus A6 being the most frequent genotypes (28.1% each).
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