Pulse code transmission systems 1 in which successive signal amplitude samples are transmitted by pulse code groups require special modulators. The essential operational requirements of a pulse code modulator are: (1) to quantize or measure the signal amplitude sample to the nearest step in the discrete amplitude scale transmitted by the pulse code system, and (2) to generate the group of on-off pulses identifying the step.
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Richard W. Sears (1948) studied this question.
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