Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
In S~andinavia user participation arose in the context of action-oriented research with trade unions in the late 1970s. Both authors participated in such projects (also see the article by Clement et al. in this issue). The approach was oriented toward increasing the influence 01" workers and their unions over the development and use of technology at their workplaces.
Kensing et al. (Tue,) studied this question.