Evaluation of Virulent Bacteria and Viral Organisms Present in the Nasopharyngeal Gland of Catarrh Subjects and Its Effect in the Respiratory Region of Subjects in Emene Enugu State.

Catarrh infection also known as post nasal drip is a symptom of an underlying disease. 170 subject constituting males and females with clear symptoms of cold, congested nose, running nose were selected for the study which lasted for 2 months during the major dry season in our region. The study evaluated virulent bacteria and virus organisms present in the nasopharyngeal region of catarrh subjects. Various diagnoses were carried out to find out the most determinant virus and bacteria causing catarrh infection in the subjects. Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal swab samples of subjects were collected with swab sticks and plated in the culture media. Viral studies and bacteria studies using the samples were done using virus culture, time-resolved fluoro immunoassay, cell cultures and PCR assays. Results obtained from bacterological studies shows that Chlamydia pneumonia bacteria were present (60%), Haemophilus influenza (20%), streptococcus pneumonia (10%), mycoplasma pneumonia (7%) and the least is Moraxella catarrhalis (3%). In viral studies, the result shows that rhinovirus was more dominant (65%), corona virus (15%), influenza virus (10%), Respiratory syncytial virus (5%), Adenovirus (3%) and the least in occurrence is Enterovirus (2%). Rhinovirus could be suspected to be the key virus that infect the epithelial/tissues of the nasal region causing catarrh infection.