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Remanufacturing serves as a key enabler for sustainable manufacturing, by closing the loop of material flow and increasing the efficiency of material usage. However, high labour intensity and inconsistency in remanufactured parts’ quality remain vital issues to address in order to increase the remanufacturing uptake across different industry sectors. This paper presents the use of advanced manufacturing techniques for the development of remanufacturing applications. The on-going world-wide 4th Industrial revolution, related to the deployment of cyber-physical systems in industries, will be discussed in relation to its impact, opportunities and challenges for remanufacturing industries.
Yeo et al. (Sun,) studied this question.