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In biomedical information extraction (IE), a central problem is the disambiguation of ambiguous names for domain specific entities, such as proteins, genes, etc. One important dimension of ambiguity is the organism to which the entities belong: in order to disambiguate an ambiguous entity name (e.g. a protein), it is often necessary to identify the specific organism to which it refers.
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Kappeler et al. (2009) studied this question.