Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors increased the risk of thrombocytopenia (RR 1.62; 95% CI 1.48-1.78) and severe thrombocytopenia (RR 3.52; 95% CI 2.87-4.30) compared with placebo.
Meta-Analysis (n=123,419)
Do glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors increase the risk of thrombocytopenia compared to placebo in patients undergoing PCI or with acute coronary syndromes?
The use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors is associated with a 63% increased risk of thrombocytopenia and a more than 3-fold increased risk of severe thrombocytopenia compared to placebo.
Effect estimate: RR 1.62 (95% CI 1.48-1.78)
AIMS: Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) reduce myocardial infarction and peri-procedural thrombotic complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); however, they may cause bleeding and thrombocytopenia, which are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Although the risk of bleeding has been well characterized, the extent of the risk of thrombocytopenia remains uncertain. In this meta-analysis, we aim to evaluate the risk of thrombocytopenia associated with GPI compared with placebo across drugs and patient populations. METHODS AND RESULTS: Risk ratios were calculated for thrombocytopenia (1000 patients) of GPI vs. placebo involving a total of 123 419 patients. We used meta-analysis techniques to estimate the summary effect across all trials, in pre-specified sub-groups, and in sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the data. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor use increases the rate of thrombocytopenia risk ratio (RR) = 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48-1.78 and severe thrombocytopenia (RR = 3.52, 95% CI 2.87-4.30) compared with placebo. These findings are consistent by route of administration (oral vs. intravenous). Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (RR 2.66, 95% CI 2.12-3.34) and elective PCI (RR 2.78, 95% CI 1.76-4.40) treated with a GPI had higher risks of thrombocytopenia than patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.25-1.58; P 3-fold increased risk of severe thrombocytopenia (<50 000 platelets/mm(3)). This corresponds to an average of 10-20 additional cases of thrombocytopenia per 1000 patients given GPIs, of which 6-7 cases are severe.
Wessler et al. (Thu,) conducted a meta-analysis in Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or with acute coronary syndrome (n=123,419). Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) vs. Placebo was evaluated on Thrombocytopenia (<100 000 platelets/mm3) (RR 1.62, 95% CI 1.48-1.78). Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors increased the risk of thrombocytopenia (RR 1.62; 95% CI 1.48-1.78) and severe thrombocytopenia (RR 3.52; 95% CI 2.87-4.30) compared with placebo.