Heart failure patients without a conclusive echocardiography had higher 1-year all-cause mortality than those with a confirmed ejection fraction (42% vs 30%; HR 1.27; 95% CI 1.17-1.37).
Cohort (n=8,775)
Yes
Does the lack of a conclusive echocardiography at diagnosis affect 1-year all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure?
A significant proportion of heart failure patients lack a conclusive echocardiography at diagnosis, which is associated with a 27% higher risk of 1-year all-cause mortality compared to those with a confirmed ejection fraction phenotype.
Effect estimate: HR 1.27 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.37)
Absolute Event Rate: 42% vs 30%
OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical characteristics and prognosis related to heart failure (HF) phenotypes in a community-based population by applying a novel algorithm to obtain ejection fractions (EF) from electronic medical records. DESIGN: Retrospective population-based cohort study. SETTING: Data were collected for all patients with HF in Southwest Sweden. The region consists of three acute care hospitals, 40 inpatient wards, 2 emergency departments, 30 outpatient specialty clinics and 48 primary healthcare. PARTICIPANTS: 8902 patients had an HF diagnosis based on the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision during the study period. Patients <18 years as well as patients declining to participate were excluded resulting in a study population of 8775 patients. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was distribution of HF phenotypes by echocardiography. The secondary outcome measures were 1 year all-cause mortality and HR for all-cause mortality using Cox regression models. RESULTS: Out of 8775 patients with HF, 5023 (57%) had a conclusive echocardiography distributed into HF with reduced EF (35%), HF with mildly reduced EF (27%) and HF with preserved EF (38%). A total of 43% of the cohort did not have a conclusive echocardiography, and therefore no defined phenotype (HF-NDP). One-year all-cause mortality was 42% within the HF-NDP group and 30% among those with a conclusive EF. The HR of all-cause mortality in the HF-NDP group was 1.27 (95% CI 1.17 to 1.37) when compared with the confirmed EF group. There was no significant difference in survival within the HF phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study showed a distribution of HF phenotypes that varies from those in selected HF registries, with fewer patients with HF with reduced EF and more patients with HF with preserved EF. Furthermore, 1-year all-cause mortality was significantly higher among patients with HF who had not undergone a conclusive echocardiography at diagnosis, highlighting the importance of correct diagnostic procedure to improve treatment strategies and outcomes.
Davidge et al. (Thu,) conducted a cohort in Heart failure (n=8,775). No defined phenotype (no conclusive echocardiography) vs. Confirmed ejection fraction (conclusive echocardiography) was evaluated on 1-year all-cause mortality (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.37). Heart failure patients without a conclusive echocardiography had higher 1-year all-cause mortality than those with a confirmed ejection fraction (42% vs 30%; HR 1.27; 95% CI 1.17-1.37).