Key result
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy presents with highly variable clinical manifestations and phenotypes, requiring tailored therapeutic approaches including medical optimization, septal reduction, and arrhythmia management.
A comprehensive review of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy highlighting the importance of early detection, genetic screening, and tailored therapeutic strategies based on clinical phenotype.
[first paragraph of article]Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is diagnosed in the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy of ≥15 mm in adult index cases, or ≥13 mm in relatives of known affected patients, that is not solely explained by abnormal loading conditions. In children, the left ventricle (LV) wall thickness should be more than two standard deviations above the predicted population mean. The typical anatomo-pathological findings include myocyte hypertrophy, disarray, interstitial fibrosis and small-vessel disease. Although all the myocytes are supposed to be affected, pathological alterations are not uniformly distributed throughout the myocardium. Asymmetrical hypertrophy of the interventricular septum is the most commonly observed phenotype, but any pattern of hypertrophy is consistent with the diagnosis.
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Díez‐López et al. (2018) conducted a review in Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy presents with highly variable clinical manifestations and phenotypes, requiring tailored therapeutic approaches including medical optimization, septal reduction, and arrhythmia management.
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