Electric-Hydrogen Integrated Energy System Optimization Considering Ladder-Type Carbon Trading Mechanism and User-Side Flexible Load

This paper proposes an optimal scheduling model of an electric-hydrogen integrated energy system (IES), in which both carbon trading and user-side flexible load are taken into account. The model can enhance resource utilization, optimize the flexibility of equipment operation, and further reduce the level of carbon emissions of IES. To make the system more ecologically friendly, the model is first updated to include a ladder-type carbon trading mechanism. The flexible load is then split into three categories: shiftable load, curtailable load, and translatable load, which can increase system efficiency and rationalize load distribution. Also, a number of limits in the electric-hydrogen IES are introduced to the model, and the power-to-gas process is improved to reduce operating costs, such as those associated with carbon trading, flexible load scheduling, and system energy. The Gurobi commercial solver is used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed model. It's shown that flexible load and ladder-type carbon trading mechanism in the IES can reduce system operation costs, peak-to-valley difference rate of load, peak power pressure, and carbon dioxide emissions.