Solar Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and the Integration of IoT for Enhanced Performance and Monitoring

The demand for renewable energy, particularly solar energy, has surged as concerns about climate change and environmental sustainability intensify. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems play a central role in renewable energy generation, but their efficiency is influenced by dynamic environmental factors such as sunlight intensity and temperature. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques are used to optimize power extraction under varying conditions. With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), the operation and monitoring of solar PV systems can be significantly enhanced. This paper explores the integration of IoT with MPPT techniques, emphasizing how IoT technologies, including real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and data analytics, can optimize solar PV system performance. The synergy between MPPT and IoT enhances the adaptability and efficiency of solar systems, offering potential solutions for real-time optimization and remote diagnostics. Despite challenges such as data security, cost, and connectivity, the integration of IoT with MPPT presents a promising pathway for optimizing solar power generation.